再华化与印尼华人的身份重构——以印尼客家人为中心的考察

Re-sinicization and Chinese Indonesian Identity Reconstruction: A Case Study of the Indonesian Hakkas

以印尼客家人这一华人次族群为个案,以身份构建为视角,论文通过考察印尼华人再华化的内生动力,揭示了再华化这一概念内涵的复杂性及其表现形式的多样性。论文认为,再华化本质上是印尼华人在民主化改革后进行身份重构和争取合法权利的手段,其根本目的是赋予"印尼公民"以文化多样性和政治包容性的内涵。协调中国移民后裔与印尼公民这两种身份之间的关系,是印尼华人身份重构的根本任务。印尼客家人通过政治参与以及积极推动华文教育、华人社团和华文报刊的复兴,为再华化与印尼华人的身份重构积累了宝贵的经验。印尼华人的再华化与身份重构都是未完成的事业,二者的未来走向既取决于印尼国内政治的变迁,也取决于印尼华人社会的选择与内聚力。

Re-sinicization is essentially a way for Chinese Indonesians to reconstruct their identity and to fight for legal rights;its fundamental purpose is to make the concept of "Indonesian citizenship" culturally diverse and politically inclusive. The central task of reconstructing Indonesian Chinese identity is to coordinate two identities, namely, Chinese immigrant descendants and Indonesian citizens. Through participating in the political process and promoting the revival of Chinese language education, Chinese associations and Chinese language newspapers, the Hakkas have accumulated invaluable experience in resinicizing and reconstructing Chinese Indonesian identity. Both re-sinicization and identity reconstruction among Chinese Indonesians are ongoing causes;their future trends will depend not only on the changing domestic politics in Indonesia, but also on choice and cohesiveness of the Chinese Indonesian society itself.