陆上原油长输管道泄漏爆炸事故情景构建研究

Study on scenario design and response tasks for leakage and explosion accident of on-land crude oil long-distance pipelines

以某陆上原油长输管道为例,设定了陆上原油长输管道泄漏爆炸事故情景背景信息及演化过程,从预防、准备、预警、响应、恢复等阶段,梳理分析了事故情景应对全过程的任务及职责主体;针对各项任务从计划预案、人员队伍、装备物资、培训演练、运行机制等方面开展了情景应对能力评估;并针对存在的差距和不足,从企业和政府2个层面提出了针对此类情景的应急能力提升对策建议。该研究可为相关政府及企业加强油气长输管道事故应急准备能力建设提供参考。

Taking a certain on-land crude oil long-distance pipeline as an example,the background information and evolution process of leakage and explosion accident scenario of the on-land crude oil long-distance pipeline were set up.The tasks and main body of responsibility in the whole process of accident scenario emergency were analyzed from the stages of prevention,preparedness,early warning,response and recovery.Aiming at each task,the capacity assessment of scenario emergency was conducted from the aspects of plan,personnel and team,equipment and material,training and drill,and operation mechanism,meanwhile,the countermeasures and suggestions for improving the emergency capacity of such scenarios were put forward from two levels of enterprises and government aiming at the existing deficiencies.It can provide reference for the relevant governments and enterprises to enhance the emergency preparedness capacity of accidents in the long-distance oil and gas pipelines.