《墨丘利、赫尔斯和亚格劳洛斯》中普桑的激情表现与寓意

Poussin’s affetti and allegory in Mercury Herse and Aglauros

尼古拉·普桑在《墨丘利、赫尔斯和亚格劳洛斯》以及同时期许多作品中,受到赞助人的影响大量采用奥维德《变形记》等文学题材进行创作。他通过版画借鉴了16世纪画家的构图和人体姿态,吸收了象征手册对该母题做出的寓意解释,在修辞学原则下回答“激情的表现”命题。由于受到赞助人以及有关文人圈子的影响,这幅作品还可能从道德劝诫、炼金术观念以及个人生活这三个不同的角度进行解读。首先,这件表现激情的作品,是寓意人受到正确精神的指引,摆脱异端毒害,与真理结合的道德图式;其次,它可能是包含利用汞(墨丘利)与其他第一元素结合,获取哲人石并最终实现嬗变的炼金术视觉表达;第三,在前两种解释的基础上,它还可能是普桑患梅毒期间利用汞(墨丘利)治疗病痛的手段及心得体会的视觉表达。

In Nicolas Poussin’s Mercury,Herse,and Aglauros and many works in the same period,he was influenced by the sponsors and he had created works that derjved from a large number of literary themes such as Ovid's Metamorphoses.Through the prints,he referred to the composition and human body posture of the 16th century painter,absorbed the emblem books to explain the meaning of the motif,and answered the"affetti"proposition under the principle of rhetoric.Due to the influence of sponsors and related literati circles,this work may also be interpreted from three different perspectives:moral admonition,alchemy concept and personal life.First,this passionate work is a moral schema that implies that people are guided by the correct spirit while free from heretical poisoning,and combined with truth.Second,it may involve the use of mercury(Mercury)combined with other first elements to acquire the philosopher's stone and finally realized the metamorphosis of alchemy visual expression.Third,based on the first two explanations,it may also be the means of using mercury(Mercury)to treat the disease during Poussin suffered from the syphilis and his visual expression of experience.