上海市黄浦区3～6岁儿童患龋状况调查

Primary caries among 3-6 years old children in Huangpu District of Shanghai

【目的】了解上海市黄浦区3~6岁儿童患龋状况。【方法】按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查标准,采用普查形式对黄浦区12所幼儿园的3273名学龄前儿童进行龋病检查,并与第四次全国口腔健康流行病学的调查结果进行比较。【结果】黄浦区3~6岁儿童乳牙患龋率为51.4%,龋均为2.39,龋齿充填构成比为15.5%;乳牙患龋状况和龋齿充填情况随年龄增加而提升,男、女患龋率和龋均无统计学差异(P>0.05);5岁儿童82.7%的龋齿集中在1/3儿童;最容易患龋的牙位为上颌乳中切牙和下颌乳磨牙。与第四次全国口腔健康流行病学抽样调查结果相比,黄浦区3岁、4岁、5岁儿童的患龋率和龋均均低于全国城市水平,龋齿充填构成比高于全国城市水平。【结论】上海市黄浦区学龄前儿童龋病患病状况和充填情况好于全国水平,但龋患仍处于高流行水平,龋损充填依然不足。表明应进一步加强学龄前儿童龋病防治,特别是龋病高危儿童的监测和防治,并且乳牙龋病预防关口需前移3岁以下的儿童。

[Objective]To investigate the status of primary teeth caries among 3-6 years old children in Huangpu District,Shanghai.[Methods]According to the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey,the primary teeth caries of 3273 preschool children aged from 3 to 6 years were clinically examined.The data on prevalence of dental caries,dmft and relative component were collected and compared with those from the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey.[Results]The prevalence of dental caries among 3-6 years old children in Huangpu district was 51.4%.The mean DMFT(decayed-missing-filled tooth)dmft score was 2.39 and the filling rate was 15.5%.The caries status and filling status of deciduous teeth increased with age.The percentage of caries and DMFT in males were not significantly different from those of the females(P>0.05).82.7 percent of cavities in 5 years old children were concentrated in one-third of children.Maxillary deciduous central incisors and mandibular deciduous molars were the most prone to decay.Compared with the results of the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiology Survey,the dental caries rate and the mean DMFT score in children aged 3,4 and 5 in Huangpu District were lower than those of the national level,and the filling proportion was higher than that of the national level.[Conclusion]The prevalence and filling of caries in preschool children in Huangpu district of Shanghai is lower than the national level,but the caries prevalence is still high and caries filling is still insufficient.The results indicate that the caries prevention and control of preschool children,especially the caries high-risk children,should be further strengthened,and primary caries prevention should be carried out in children under 3 years of age.