还原染料染棉织物的一次染深染色技术

A One-time Dark Dyeing Technology for Cotton Fabric Dyed with Vat Dyes

针对还原染料染棉传统水浴染色存在工序复杂、污水处理难度大、成本高等问题,文中采用食用花生油代替水作为染色介质,开发了高浓度隐色体染色工艺,探讨了高浓度隐色体染色工艺条件对染色效果的影响,测试了染色后介质生物降解性和织物上油含量,并与常规水浴染色工艺对比。结果表明,高浓度隐色体还原染色优化工艺为:保险粉100 g/L,氢氧化钠50 g/L,染色温度60℃,染色时间60 min;染色介质花生油具有很好的生物降解性,经过10天左右的微生物降解,即可达到GB 4287—2012《纺织染整工艺水污染的排放标准》的排放标准;与常规水浴染色工艺相比,高浓度隐色体还原染色工艺可以达到一次染深的效果,染色后织物染色色牢度和常规水浴染色相当,且极大地缩短加工流程、节约水资源。

For the conventional dip dyeing of vat dyes for cotton fabric,it is considered to have some defects,such as complex dyeing process,difficult wastewater treatment and high cost.In this paper,peanut oil is used as the vat dyeing medium and the dyeing process with high concentration of vat dyes is developed.The dyeing quality of vat dyes in conventional dip dyeing and new dyeing system for cotton fabrics is studied.The degradability of dyeing medium and oil content left in dyed fabrics after dyeing are tested.The results show that the optimized dyeing process is:sodium hydrosulfite 100 g/L,sodium hydroxide 50 g/L,and dyeing at 60℃ for 60 minutes.The peanut oil has good biodegradability.After microbial degradation of 10 days,the wastewater can meet the emission standard of GB 4287—2012“Emission Standards for Water Pollution in Textile Dyeing and Finishing Process”.Compared to conventional water dyeing medium,the deeper shade can be achieved by one-time dyeing process.The new dyeing medium can achieve the equal dyeing fastness to the water dyeing medium.The new dyeing system has the advantages of simplified dyeing process and reduced dosage of the water.