电动轮驱动电动汽车用减速器的发展与挑战

Development and Challenge of Reducer for Electric Wheel Drive Electric Vehicle

电动轮驱动技术颠覆了传统汽车的驱动方式,代表着未来电动汽车的发展方向,尤其是带有减速装置的电动轮,因其具有结构紧凑、输出转矩大、效率和比功率高等优势,有着巨大的发展潜力。简述了电动轮驱动电动汽车用减速器(轮边减速器和轮毂减速器)的概念、工作原理、技术特点以及适合类型。简述了国内外轮边、轮毂减速器的应用研发现状。给出了3种常见电动轮减速驱动汽车的性能指标以及减速器形式建议。归纳了阻碍轮边、轮毂减速器发展的共性问题,并针对轮边减速器发展瓶颈问题总结出相应的解决对策。展望了轮边、轮毂减速器未来的发展方向与面临的挑战。

The electric wheel drive technology subverts the driving mode of the traditional automobile and represents the development direction of the electric vehicle in the future.In particular,the electric wheel with reducer has great development potential due to its compact structure,large output torque,high efficiency and specific power.The concept,working principle,technical characteristics and suitable types of the reducer(wheel side reducer and wheel hub reducer)for electric wheel drive electric vehicles are described.The present situation of application and research of wheel side reducer and wheel hub reducer at home and abroad are briefly introduced.The performance indexes and suggestions for the type of reducer of three kinds of common electric wheel deceleration drive vehicles are given.The common problems hindering the development of wheel side reducer and wheel hub reducer are summarized,and the corresponding solutions are summarized for the bottleneck problems of wheel side reducer development.The future development direction and challenges of wheel side reducer and wheel hub reducer are prospected.