主观社会经济地位影响大学生幸福感的路径研究

An Empirical Study on the Path of Subjective Socioeconomic Status Influencing College Students’ Well-being

关注大学生心理健康、提升其幸福感已成为高校学生工作的重点之一。笔者根据对大学生的调查数据,探讨了主观社会经济地位影响大学生幸福感的心理和行为机制,发现主观社会经济地位、自尊、线上和线下同伴交往均是影响大学生幸福感的重要因素;作为心理因素的自尊与作为行为因素的同伴交往,在主观社会经济地位和大学生幸福感之间起到了双重中介作用,并且自尊的中介效应强于同伴交往的中介效应;在同伴交往机制中,线下交往的中介作用要强于线上交往的中介作用。由此来看,提升大学生幸福感可以通过双重路径来实现:一方面,要帮助学生树立正确的自我认知理念,提高他们的自尊水平;另一方面,要提升学生的人际交往能力,鼓励学生采用线上、线下方式与同伴积极交往、互动。

College administrators have paid more and more attention to students’ mental health and well-being. Based on the survey data of college students, this paper investigated the psychological and behavioral mechanisms of subjective socioeconomic status affecting college students’ subjective well-being. The results show that subjective socioeconomic status, self-esteem, online and offline peer interaction are all significant factors affecting college students’ well-being;self-esteem as a psychological factor and peer interaction as a behavioral factor play a dual mediating role between subjective status and students’ well-being, and the mediating effect of self-esteem is stronger than that of peer interaction;regarding the mechanism of peer interaction, the offline interaction has stronger mediating effect than online interaction. This study suggests two potential pathways for improving well-being of college students. One is to help college students improve their self-cognition and cultivate a high level of self-esteem, and the other is to enhance students’ social ability and encourage students to interact actively with their peers through online and offline ways.