明代天文学家马沙亦黑、马哈麻事迹述略

A Research on the Ming Dynasty Astronomers Mashāikh and Muhammad

马沙亦黑与马哈麻兄弟二人是明代著名天文学家,幼年随父亲马德鲁丁来到中国,入华后迅速适应中国语言文化环境,并受明太祖、明成祖重视和信任。马沙亦黑参与编修了《华夷译语》,编译了《回回历法》,马哈麻则翻译了《天文书》。有迹象显示,二人还有可能参与编修了《回回馆译语》。这些作品在历法学、历史学、文献学、语言学等方面具有重要价值,是亚洲科技文化交流的先例,也是我国历史上“文明对话”“文明交流互鉴”的生动案例。

Mashāikh and Muhammad brothers were famous astronomers in the Ming dynasty,came to China with their father Badruddin.They got used to live in China rapidly,and got attention from emperors of the Ming dynasty,Mashāikh edited Hua Yi Yi Yu and Islamic Calender,while Muhammad translated Astronomical Book.Furthermore,both of them might have taken part in editing the Sino-Farsi glossary called Hui Hui Guan Yi Yu.These compositions are very valuable in the study fields of calender,history,philology and linguistics,etc.They are precedent in technological and cultural exchanges between China and other Asian countries,and also vivid historical examples for exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations.