罗生门后的思想与政治之争——1922年广东共产党组织“附陈反孙”之谜

The Intellectual and Political Conflicts Behind Rashōmon——The Riddle of Cantonese Communists’ Collusion with Chen Jiongming and Opposition to Sun Yat-sen

1922年6月孙中山与陈炯明公开分裂之后,在上海的中共中央认为在广州的共产党组织犯了"附陈反孙"的严重错误,但广东共产党领导人在当时与事后均矢口否认有任何依附陈炯明的行为。双方各执一词,"附陈反孙"遂成为一桩历史悬案。笔者认为,这一历史迷题的背后蕴含着更为深刻的思想与政治矛盾,既隐藏着不同政治势力间复杂的斗争,也涉及中共早期组织内部对国际共产主义思潮的不同理解与早期共产党员从知识分子到革命者的身份转变。对于广东共产党是否"附陈反孙",上海与广州的领导人由于立场和视角的不同得出了两种截然不同的答案,但在共产国际做出国共合作的决定之后,上海中央的立场就成为了唯一的正确路线。

In June 1922,the conflict between Sun Yat-sen and Chen Jiongming broke out in Guangzhou.Soon after the incident,the central committee of the Chinese Communist Party in Shanghai dismissed their Cantonese comrades for their collusion with Chen Jiongming.However,Cantonese communist leaders all denied any close relationship with Chen Jiongming,which made the debate between Shanghai and Guangzhou a historical riddle.The author argues that behind this riddle we could discover not only intense struggles between different political forces but profound ideological distinctions and different social identities among early Chinese communists.The different judgments between Guangzhou and Shanghai upon the issue of Sun-Chen conflict originated from the different intellectual and political stances these communists took.After the communist party and Sun Yat-sen’s Kuomintang began their cooperation,the political line of Shanghai leaders became the only correct one in the historical narratives.