基于林分状态的森林经营策略

Forest Management Strategy Based on Stand States

现代森林经营的核心目标是培育健康稳定优质高效的森林生态系统。我国森林质量不高的根源在于长期以来缺乏普适性强的宏观经营策略和行之有效的针对具体林分的微观经营技术。森林经营的原理就是道法自然,遵从自然规律依照生态原理进行森林空间结构调整。林分状态是对干扰条件下林分发育状况的最佳反映,高度概括了各种因素所造成的结果,可从2个方面的8个指标对林分状态加以描述。本文依据林分状态特征将森林划分为7个状态类型,并给出了每种状态的宏观经营策略。基于林分状态划分森林状态类型独立于地域和树种,既可为制定普适性强的宏观经营策略提供可能,又可以拟定针对具体林分的微观经营技术。从国家层面基于林分状态进行森林经营类型划分并制定宏观森林经营策略是行之有效的森林经营规划路径。传统的针对地域和树种而划定的森林类型并由此制定的宏观森林经营策略具有局限性。

The primary goal of modern forest management is to cultivate a healthy,stable,high quality and efficient forest ecosystem. For a long time,the lack of management strategy which suitable for all kinds of forest stand and effective management techniques for specific stand are the main reason for the low quality of forest in China. The principle of forest management is complying with the laws of nature and adjusts forest spatial structure in accordance with the natural growth and succession processes of the forest. Stand states is the best reflection of stand development under the disturbance condition and it’s highly summarized the results of various factors. Stand states can be described from 2 aspects. In this paper,different forests were divided into 7 types according to the stand states,and for each forest type,the macro management strategy was suggested. Forest type based on the stand states is independent from species and regions. The advantage of such classification method is that it can give the macro management strategy. It is an effective approach for forest management planning,that dividing the forest management types based on stand status and subsequently establishing macro forest management strategies at national level. The traditional approach is limited which was established macro forest management strategies according to the region and tree species-based forest types.