不同坐果时间骏枣商品果率和果实品质的比较

Comparisons of fruit commodity rate and fruit quality of Junzao jujube between different fruiting periods

为提高枣果实品质和经济效益,以阿克苏骏枣为试验材料,对6月10日(Ⅰ)、6月20日(Ⅱ)、6月30日(Ⅲ)、7月10日(Ⅳ)、7月20日(Ⅴ)5个坐果时间骏枣的商品果率和果实品质进行比较。结果表明,不同时间坐果骏枣的商品果率、外观品质、制干品质和可溶性糖含量均存在显著差异,果实品级和商品果率随坐果时间延后逐渐降低,等外果率逐渐上升,各坐果时间按照商品果率由大到小排序依次为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ。随坐果时间延后,果形指数、果肉厚度和果肉质量逐渐减小,果实干物质量、单果质量、果形指数、制干率逐渐降低。坐果时间Ⅰ和Ⅱ的果实香气浓、色泽好,且果实饱满,品质优于Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ。坐果时间Ⅰ和Ⅱ的果实制干品质优于Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ。坐果时间Ⅱ的果实可溶性糖含量均高于其他时期的含量,之后逐渐降低。因此,在生产上采用人工调控措施增加坐果时间Ⅰ期和Ⅱ期果的产量,可提高骏枣果实的品质和商品价值。

In order to improve fruit quality and economic benefit of jujube,using Akesu Junzao jujube as test materials,commodity rate and fruit quality of Junzao jujube were comparied,fruiting at five fruiting periods.The five fruiting periods were the 10th June(Ⅰ),the 20th June(Ⅱ),the 30th June(Ⅲ),the 10th July(Ⅳ),the 20th July(Ⅴ),respectively.The results showed that commodity rate of fruit,appearance quality,dried quality and soluble sugar content in jujube had significantly differences in different fruiting periods.With fruiting period postponed,fruit grade and fruit commodity rate were gradually decreased,and defective rate of fruit was gradually increased.Based on fruit commodity rate from high to low,order of fruiting periods was I,II,III,IV,V.With fruiting period postponed,fruit shape index,pulp thickness and pulp mass were gradually decreased,and dry matter mass,single fruit mass,fruit shape index,and dried yield were gradually decreased.The fruits,fruiting on the periods of I and II,had strong aroma,good color and full fruit,which had superior quality to the ones fruiting on the periods of III,IV and V.Dried quality of the fruits,fruiting on the periods of I and II,had superior quality to the ones fruiting on the periods of III,IV and V.Soluble sugar content in fruit,fruiting on the II period,was higher than that of other periods,and was gradually decreased with fruiting period postponed.Therefore,to increase fruit yield of fruiting on the periods of I and II by production,by using artificial control measures,can improve fruit quality and commodity value of Junzao jujube.