小流域生态补偿标准测算——基于生态服务功能价值法

Estimation of Ecological Compensation Standards for Small Watersheds: Based on the Value of Ecological Service Function

小流域生态补偿是解决保护生态环境和发展经济之间矛盾的重要经济手段。文章以安顺市西秀区长田小流域为例,利用生态服务功能价值法对小流域生态系统生态服务功能价值进行了匡算:长田小流域生态服务功能价值为91 358.60万元,生态补偿总金额为1 162.45万元,其中,农田系统补偿额为131.94万元,森林系统补偿额为753.36万元,水域系统补偿额为25.60万元,果木林系统补偿额为251.55万元。在生态系统服务功能价值之上,对可受补偿和不可受补偿的生态系统服务功能进行区分,并将不同生态系统所能提供可受补偿生态功能的当量因子表示出来,使得生态补偿额的确定具有科学性、更加准确,进而为小流域生态补偿标准的确定提供依据。

Ecological compensation in small watersheds is an important economical mean to solve the contradiction between protecting the ecological environment and developing the economy. Taking the Changtian small watershed in Xixiu District of Anshun City as an example, this paper uses the value of ecological service function method to calculate the ecological service function value of small watershed ecosystem. The results show that the value of ecological service function of Changtian small watershed is 913.586 million yuan;the total amount of ecological compensation is 11.624 5 million yuan, of which the compensation for farmland system is 1 319 400 yuan, the compensation for forest system is 7 533 600 yuan, and the compensation for water system is 256 000 yuan, the compensation for fruit forest system is 2.515 5 million yuan. On the basis of the value of ecosystem services, the functions of ecosystem services that can be compensated and not compensated are distinguished, and the quantum of different ecosystems can provide compensated ecological functions, so that the amount of ecological compensation is determined, scientific and more accurate, and then provide a basis for the determination of ecological compensation standards for small watersheds.