词群“神X”和“X神”的衍生变异*——从模因角度谈两类常见词群的衍生路径

On Derivational Change of “Shen X ”and “X Shen”——Discussion on The Derivative Path of Two Common Group of Words from the Perspective of Meme

词群"神X"和"X神"都有一定的发展,前者大致为:[+在神话传说/故事中][+神奇的事物][+褒义]→[+神奇的事物][+褒义]→[+不可思议的事物或行为]→[+某一性状程度深];后者大致为:[+某类神仙]→[+在某方面表现非常出色的人][+褒义]→[+非常喜欢干某事的人]。从模因角度来说,这两类词群的衍生路径基本一致,主要经历三个阶段:结构的模仿、语义的引申和语义的通俗化。凡是能发展到通俗化阶段的基本上都具有使用频率高、流传范围广和能产性强的特征,这些也是词群强生命力的主要表现。

The group of words "shen X" and "X shen" have both developed. The derivative path of the former is as follows: [+ myth/story][+ magical things][+commendatory]→[+ magical things][+ commendatory] →[+ unexpected/incredible things or actions]→ [+ deep degree]. The path of the latter is roughly as follows: [+some kind of immortal]→ [+ excellence in some way][+ person][+ commendatory]→ [+ like doing something very much][+ person]. The development paths of these two different word groups are basically the same from the perspective of meme. They mainly go through three stages: imitation of lexical group structure, extension of lexical group semantics and popularization of lexical group semantics. Every word group that can develop to the stage of popularization basically has the characteristics of high frequency of use,wide spread and strong productivity,which are also the main manifestations of the strong vitality of the word group.