儿童慢性腹泻的诊断思路

Diagnostic ideas of chronic diarrhea in children

儿童慢性腹泻病因复杂,严重影响儿童的健康和生活质量,儿童期慢性腹泻以婴幼儿期为常见,除后天因素外,还要考虑先天解剖结构异常及先天遗传性疾病。腹泻的诊断思路要结合年龄、病史、体检及实验室检查综合分析,根据不同的情况选择进一步检查,包括影像学、消化内镜、病理及特殊检查,怀疑遗传性疾病时采用基因测序及功能验证,最终大部分能找到病因。

The etiology of chronic diarrhea in children is complex,which seriously affects children’s health and quality of life. Chronic diarrhea in childhood is common in infants. In addition to acquired factors,congenital anatomical abnormalities and congenital hereditary diseases should also be considered. The diagnosis of diarrhea should be based on comprehensive analysis of age,history,physical examination and laboratory tests. Further examination should be selected according to different conditions,including imaging,digestive endoscopy,pathology and special examination. Gene sequencing and functional verification should be used when genetic diseases are suspected. Eventually,most of the causes can be found.