老年慢性病家庭照顾者支持性服务需求问卷的编制与信效度检验

Development and reliability and validity test of the questionnaire on supporting service needs of family caregivers of the elderly with chronic diseases

[目的]编制我国老年慢性病家庭照顾者支持性服务需求问卷,并进行信效度检验。[方法]以Lazarus的压力与应对模式为理论指导,查阅文献并结合对11名老年慢性病家庭照顾者的质性访谈结果形成问卷条目池,并通过专家咨询、预实验形成初稿,发放问卷220份来检测问卷信效度,最终获得有效问卷205份。[结果]经探索性因子分析,提取4个公因子(个体情感需求、社区支持性服务需求、专业医疗机构支持性服务需求、政策需求),方差累计贡献率为77.011%,共25个条目;问卷总体重测信度系数为0.801,Cronbach's α系数为0.945;问卷各条目内容效度指数(I-CVI)均在0.80以上,问卷总体水平内容效度指数(S-CVI)为0.92,所有条目与问卷总分的相关系数值为0.378~0.837。[结论]老年慢性病家庭照顾者支持性服务需求问卷具有良好的信效度,可作为老年慢性病家庭照顾者支持性服务需求的评价工具。

Objective:To develop the questionnaire on supporting service needs of family caregivers of the elderly with chronic diseases in China,and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:Under the theoretical guidance of Lazarus'stress and coping model,literatures review and qualitative interview results of 11 family caregivers were combined to form a questionnaire items pool.And a draft was formed through experts consultation and pre-experiment.In order to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire,a total of 220 questionnaires were distributed,and finally 205 valid questionnaires were obtained.Results:Following four common factors,individual emotional needs,community supporting service needs,supporting service needs of professional medical institutions,and policy needs,were extracted by exploratory factor analysis.Finally,25 items were formed and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 77.011%.The total retest reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was 0.801.And the total Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.945.The each item-level content validity index(I-CVI)of questionnaire were all above 0.80,and the scal-level content validity index(S-CVI)was 0.92.And the correlation coefficients between all items scores and the total score of questionnaire were at 0.378-0.837.Conclusions:The questionnaire has good reliability and validity,and can be used as a tool to assess the supporting service needs of family caregivers of the elderly with chronic diseases.