口腔用胶原蛋白基质用于后牙区位点保存的实验研究

An Experimental Study Site Preservation in Posterior Region of the Mandible in the Dog

目的:通过动物实验探究骨替代材料促进后牙区拔牙位点保存的效果,为临床后牙区位点保存和早期干预提供参考。方法:选取1岁龄健康雌性Beagle犬3只,全麻下拔除下颌双侧第2、3、4前磨牙及第1磨牙,共24个拔牙位点。随机分为3组:G1组不做处理;G2组放置口腔用胶原蛋白基质;G3组放置Bio-Oss骨粉,每组各包含8个不同的拔牙位点。所有犬拔牙3个月后同期处死取下颌骨制备标本,行Micro-CT扫描、硬组织切片、VG染色后组织形态学观察。结果:Micro-CT分析结果显示G2组和G3组中骨体积分数(BV/TV)、骨小梁厚度(Tb.Th)均高于G1组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);G3组骨小梁数目(Tb.N)高于G1组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);3组间骨小梁间隙(Tb.Sp)差异无统计学意义;G2和G3组中各参数差异均无统计学意义。VG染色结果显示G2组和G3组中骨胶原纤维较G1组致密。结论:口腔用胶原蛋白基质可尝试作为位点保存的骨替代材料使用。

Objective:To explore the effect of collagen matrix,a bone substitute material on the repair of alveolar bone in the posterior region.Methods:The second,third,and fourth mandibular premolars and the first mandibular molars of three 1-year-old female beagle dogs were removed under general anesthesia.A total of 24 extraction sites were randomly selected and treated differently as follows.Group 1(G1)was control group.Group 2(G2)was filled with oral collagen matrix.Group 3(G3)was filled with Bio-Oss.After 3 months of tooth extraction,animals were sacrificed and the mandible specimen were harvested for histologic and morphological studies.Results:Micro-CT scan showed the bone volume fraction(BV/TV)and trabecular thickness(Tb.Th)were higher in G2 and G3 than those in G1(P<0.05).The trabecular number(Tb.N)was higher in G3 than in G1(P<0.05).The differences were statistically significant.There was no significant differences in trabecular space(Tb.Sp)among the three groups.There were no statistically significant differences of parameters in G2 and G3 groups.VG staining showed that the collagen fibers in G2 and G3 groups were denser than those in G1.Conclusion:The oral collagen matrix may promote site preservation in extraction wounds,as to translate into clinical use,further studies are needed.