听觉预测编码：对声音重复和变化的神经反应

Predictive coding in auditory cortex: The neural responses to sound repetition and auditory change

预测编码被认为是脑与复杂环境交互的重要机制之一,有效感知外界环境并对未来事件做出预测,对个体生存有着至关重要的意义。人类大脑会基于感觉输入以迭代的方式持续优化表征外部环境的内部模型,并不断预测接下来的感觉输入。以听觉模态为例,人类及动物对声音重复和听觉变化的神经反应(如失匹配负波和刺激特异性适应)是大脑预测编码的重要体现,表现为重复抑制和预测误差。结合人类和动物模型在此理论框架下开展跨物种研究将有助于加深我们对听觉加工,甚至是大脑工作机制的认识。

Predictive coding is arguably one of the most important mechanisms to explain the interactions between the brain and the complex environment.Indeed,one of the main functions of sensory system is to predict upcoming events,which is vital for survival.Take auditory modality for instance.The neural responses to sound repetition and auditory change,such as mismatch negativity(MMN)and stimulusspecific adaptation(SSA),can be explained under a predictive coding view.As a theoretical framework,predictive coding is now facing some unresolved questions and challenges.However,combining human and animal studies under this framework will provide an excellent chance to investigate the neural mechanisms of auditory processing.