共享就环保吗?共享单车的社会环境与问题

Is Sharing Economy Environment-friendly? Social Problems and Social Governance of Bike-sharing in China

共享单车被想当然地认为是环保、可持续的,但对其环境后果和社会后果的评价必须结合共享单车行业的历程,剖析当下共享经济的社会环境。本文应用并整合贝克的概念类型框架指出,共享单车就其本质属性而言属于商品交换,具体而言是分时租赁,而不是真正意义上的共享,无论从理论层面还是现实经验层面,其社会可持续性难以立足。基于对ofo、摩拜急剧兴衰的检视和共享单车的社会环境分析,本文认为共享单车虽然方便城市居民短距离出行,但业已造成的资源浪费和社会问题,使得其“绿色环保”的承诺成为表面光鲜美丽的致幻剂。共享单车案例给共享经济以及其他领域未来战略转向的教训是:借助智能手机和网络平台、以“共享”和“环保”的美名操控资本、资源和网民,极可能浪费资源、污染环境并侵害社会机理,这些恶果远比表面上的消费者公德缺失、治理失序等问题更为关键和紧要。

People take Bike-sharing granted to be environment-friendly and sustainable.However,it should link to the development of bike-sharing industry and general social context to evaluate its environmental and social consequences.This paper modifies Belk s conceptual framework and concludes that the nature of China s bike-sharing industry is a commodity exchange rather than sharing.As a specific lease based on time division,its social sustainability could be justified neither theoretically nor empirically.Based on the analysis of the rapid rise and fall of Ofo and Mobike,this paper argues that although bike-sharing has provided convenience for urban residents short-distance trips,it leads to waste of resources and social problems which proves illusory of its commitment of environment-friendly.Lessons from the sharing economy and its social consequences are as follows:those manipulate capital,resources and netizens in the name of“sharing”and“environment-friendly”may turn out to be wasting resources,polluting our environment and harming original social mechanism.These negative consequences are more severe than the absence of public morality and governance failure.