个人禀赋与家庭责任:青年已婚女性就业的影响因素

Individual Endowment, Motherhood and Intergenerational Support: Influencing Factors of Young Married Women’s Employment

本文基于CFPS2016数据研究发现,城乡青年已婚女性在整个劳动年龄范围内的平均就业水平相对偏低。究其原因,虽然个人禀赋的提升可以促进女性就业,但家庭责任却是挡在青年已婚女性就业道路上难以逾越的障碍。研究发现,丈夫的经济收入与家务劳动时间均未对青年已婚女性就业构成显著影响,而老人帮忙料理家务可以有效提升青年已婚女性外出就业的可能性。因此,代际支持成为当前青年已婚女性外出就业的有力支持。

With the adjustment of fertility policy, women s employment has attracted increasing attention. Based on the analysis of CFPS 2016 data, this paper finds that most of the young and married women in urban and rural areas are active in the labor market. Still, their average employment level is relatively low throughout the working-age range. The reason is that although the improvement of human capital can promote women s employment, the motherhood duty is an inevitable obstacle to the employment of young married women. In the process of seeking help, compared with her husband, the elders at home are more likely to provide strong support for young married women to reduce the burden of domestic work and go out to work. However, with the deepening of the ageing process and the implementation of the comprehensive “two-child” policy, it is increasingly necessary to explore the social forces outside the family to give women support.