古与今的纠缠:文以载道说在民国时期的回响与争论

The Echoes and Debates in the Period of the Republic of China ——on the Theory That the Function of Literature is to Convey the Tao

文以载道说是传统古文思想领域的核心与关键,学界过去一般认为新文化运动后这一传统学说遭受到了毁灭性的打击,但这种认知其实是不准确的,确切地说,这一古代文学思想在民国时期确实受到了几千年都没有遇到的那么大的责难与抨击,但为之辩护的文化力量也不小,对它做新的诠释者也大有人在,而使此一学说思想古今纠缠纠结在一起。评估与描述文以载道这一传统论说在民国时期的境遇恐怕需要更加谨慎,而学界过去的评估与描述刚好就不够谨慎,甚至于过于大胆,基于此,故而有依据客观史料重新描述与观察的必要。

The theory that the function of literature is to convey the Tao is the core and key in the field of ancient literature thought.Academic circles used to think that this traditional theory suffered a devastating blow after the new culture movement,but the cognition is not accurate.To be exact,in the republic of China,this ancient literary thought was indeed censured and attacked as it had not been done for thousands of years.But there are plenty of defenders and new interpreters of it.They make the ancient and modern interpretation of the theory intertwined.The evaluation and description of the situation of the traditional theory in the republic of China may require more caution,while the previous evaluation and description of academic circles were just not cautious enough,or even too bold.Based on this,it is necessary to re-describe and observe according to objective historical materials.