教育改革与基层社会改造——以洛阳民众教育实验区为考察中心

Educational Reform and Reconstruction of Grassroots Society: A Case Study of the Luoyang Mass Education Experimental Area

1930年代,与学校教育界急于撇清与政治的纠葛倡导"教育独立"理念不同,社会教育界却热衷于政教合一,并与政府机关合办实验区开展"管、教、养、卫"综合实验,洛阳民众教育实验区尤具代表性。该实验区以村为单位,以民众基础学校的教育改革为中心,进行了为期六年、涵盖政治经济文化改革的乡村社会教育实验,不仅在社教落后的中原地带探索出一条利用旧势力发展新力量的基层社会改造之路,还为国民政府新县制推行作了积极尝试。以中国社会教育社为基地的体制内知识分子主导着实验区制度设计话语权,呈现出不同于河北定县、山东邹平的乡村建设实验布局。

In the 1930 s,different from the school education circles being eager to get rid of political disputes and advocating the concept of"education independence",the social education circles are keen on the integration of politics and education.They cooperated with government agencies to carry out comprehensive experiments of"management,education,cultivation and health care",the model of which is Luoyang Mass Education Experimental Area.This experimental area,taking villages as the units,based on the education reform of the mass schools,has carried out a rural social education experiment for six years,covering politics,economy and culture,which not only explores a path to social reform at the grassroots level in the backward area of central plains by exploiting old power to develop new power,but also makes an active attempt to carry out the new county system of the national government.The intellectuals in the system based on China social education association dominate the discourse power of system design in the experimental area,which presents the experimental layout of rural construction different from Dingxian county in Hebei province and Zouping county in Shandong province.