乌鲁木齐农村3～6岁儿童忽视现状及其危险因素分析

Current status of neglect among children aged 3-6 years in rural areas of Urumqi, China and risk factors for child neglect

目的 了解新疆乌鲁木齐农村3~6岁儿童忽视现状及其危险因素,为今后开展新疆农村儿童忽视的防治提供理论依据.方法 采用分层随机整群抽样方法抽取乌鲁木齐农村6所幼儿园中1326名3~6岁儿童,采用自行设计问卷和"儿童忽视状况评价问卷"对儿童家长进行问卷调查.结果 1326名儿童中,忽视检出率为51.89%(688例),忽视度为49±6.不同年龄组儿童忽视率和忽视度差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);单亲家庭、再婚家庭儿童忽视率和忽视度均高于三代同堂家庭和核心家庭(P<0.01);留守儿童忽视程度高于非留守儿童(P<0.01).多因素logistic回归分析显示,低龄儿童、母亲文化程度较低、母亲外出打工、单亲家庭、再婚家庭、低收入家庭、留守儿童是儿童忽视的危险因素(P<0.05).结论 乌鲁木齐农村3~6岁儿童忽视问题较为突出,应加大对低龄儿童、文化程度较低母亲儿童、留守儿童及单亲家庭、再婚家庭、低收入家庭儿童的关注.

Objective To investigate the current status of neglect in children aged 3-6 years in the rural areas of Urumqi,China and risk factors for neglect.Methods Stratified random cluster sampling was performed to select 1326 children,aged 3-6 years,from 6 kindergartens in the rural areas of Urumqi.A self-designed questionnaire and"Chinese Neglect Evaluation Questionnaire for Rural Children Aged 3-6 Years"were used for investigation.Results Of the 1326 children,the neglect rate was 51.89%(688 cases),and the degree of neglect was 49±6.There were significant differences in the neglect rate and the degree of neglect between the children in different age groups(P<0.01).The single-parent families and the remarried families had significantly higher child neglect rate and degree of neglect than the families of three generations under one roof and the core families(P<0.01).The children in left-behind status had a significantly higher degree of neglect(P<0.01).The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that younger children,mothers with low education level,employment status of the mother as a migrant worker,single-parent and remarried families,low-income families,and left-behind status were risk factors for child neglect(P<0.05).Conclusions The neglect of children aged 3-6 years in the rural areas of Urumqi is serious,and more attention should be paid to younger children,children whose mothers with low education level,left-behind children,and children from single-parent families,remarried families and low-income families.