高亚油酸玉米新组合生长发育特性及亚油酸含量

Growth and Development Characteristics and Linoleic Acid Content of New Variety of High Linoleic Corn

为了提高普通玉米籽粒品质、增加亚油酸含量,丰富其作为饲用玉米或者深加工原料的营养价值,试验以宿迁市农业科学研究院选育的高亚油酸玉米自交系配制的7个新组合为材料、郑单958为对照品种,进行了高亚油酸玉米品种的筛选鉴定。结果表明:新组合的田间性状中株高较对照高,而对照的倒伏率明显高于7个组合,新组合SQ1813、SQ1816、SQ1817、SQ1818的穗长超过17 cm、穗行数在15.5行以上、千粒重超过335 g,尤其以组合SQ1817表现更为突出。新组合的抗性和产量均高于对照,除SQ1814比对照减产,其余6个组合平均产量较对照增产7.16%。7个组合亚油酸、亚麻酸含量显著高于对照,而油酸含量显著低于对照,亚油酸含量占总脂肪酸的60%左右。同时,相关分析表明,亚油酸含量在总脂肪酸中的比例与总脂肪酸含量没有相关性。最终,筛选出SQ1813和SQ1817综合表现优异的2个新组合。

In order to improve the quality of ordinary corn, increase the content of linoleic acid, and enrich its nutritional value as feed corn or processing raw materials, the screening and identification of high linoleic acid corn varieties were carried out by using 7 new combinations of high linoleic acid maize inbred lines selected by Suqian academy of agricultural science as materials and Zhengdan 958 as control variety in this experiment. The results showed that the plant height of the new combination was higher than that of the control, while the control lodging rate was significantly higher than that of the 7 combinations. The ear length of the new combination SQ1813, SQ1816, SQ1817, SQ1818 was more than 17 cm. The number of grains in the ear was above 15.5, and the weight of 1000-grain exceeded 335 g, especially with SQ1817. The resistance and yield of the new combination were completely better than the control except for SQ1814. The average yield of the other six combinations increased by 7.16% compared with the control. The content of linoleic acid and linolenic acid in the new materials was significantly higher than that in the control, while the oleic acid content was significantly lower than that in the control. The ratio of linoleic acid to total fatty acid was about 60%. At the same time, correlation analysis showed that the ratio of linoleic acid content in total fatty acids was not correlated to total fatty acid content. Finally, SQ1813 and SQ1817 with excellent performance were screened out.