水中全氟和多氟化合物的去除技术最新研究进展

Recent Research Progress in Removal Technology of Perfluorinated and Polyfluorinated Compounds in Water

全氟和多氟化合物(per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances,PFASs)是一类新型持久性有机污染物(POPs),广泛应用于工业和人类日常生活用品中。初步研究表明,这些化合物易于生物累积,且可能导致肝毒性、致癌性、生殖毒性以及干扰内分泌等特性。如今,天然环境中化学抗性PFASs的排放量不断增加,同时这些人为污染物在天然和处理水域、人类和动物生物体中的存在都构成了巨大的环境挑战。传统的生物处理技术对PFASs几乎没有去除效果,研究高效去除水体中PFASs的实用性技术成为了环境领域的研究热点。综述了自然环境中最常见的PFASs--全氟辛酸(PFOA)和全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)去除方法的最新进展。

Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs) are a new class of persistent organic pollutants(POPs) widely used in industrial and human daily necessities. Preliminary studies have shown that these compounds are prone to bioaccumulation and may cause hepatotoxicity, carcinogenicity, reproductive toxicity and interference with endocrine properties. Today, emissions of chemically resistant PFASs in natural environments are increasing, and the presence of these anthropogenic contaminants in both natural and treated waters, as well as in human and animal organisms, poses a huge environmental challenge. Traditional biological treatment technology has almost no removal effect on PFASs. The research on the practical technology of removing PFASs in water has become a research hotspot in the field of environment. This review presents the latest advances in the removal of the most common PFASs in the natural environment, perfluorooctanoic acid(PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate(PFOS).