不同年龄慢性失眠障碍患者睡眠特征分析

Analysis of Sleep Characteristics of Chronic Insomnia Patients of Different Ages

目的:探讨不同年龄的慢性失眠障碍患者的主、客观睡眠特征情况,为临床诊治提供参考。方法:选取本院收治的慢性失眠障碍患者298例,按照年龄将其分为青年组(≤44岁)139例、中年组(45~59岁)96例、老年组(60~89岁)63例。三组均进行匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评估及多导睡眠图(PSG)整夜监测,并对相关指标参数进行分析研究。结果:三组PSQI量表评估及PSG整夜监测指标比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随年龄增长,PSQI评分、TIB、微觉醒指数、N1和N2睡眠时间及睡眠比例、睡眠期AHI、OSA平均时间、睡眠期PLM、鼾声指数均呈升高趋势,REM和N3睡眠时间及睡眠比例、TST、SWS、睡眠效率、睡眠潜伏期、REM各指标均呈下降趋势,上述指标的组间两两比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:不同年龄的慢性失眠障碍患者存在不同睡眠特征,年长的患者更多表现出睡眠时间缩短,觉醒增加,浅睡眠多,深睡眠、REM睡眠少,睡眠不良事件发生增多、使用助眠药多等特点,临床应根据年龄特点采取个性化治疗,以更好改善青年人和中老年人的睡眠,从而提高其心身健康状况和生活质量。

Objective:To explore the subjective and objective sleep characteristics of chronic insomnia patients of different ages,and to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Method:A total of 298 patients with chronic insomnia were selected,according to their ages,they were divided into 139 cases of young group(no more than 44 years old),96 cases of middle-aged group(45-59 years old),63 cases of old group(60-89 years old).Three groups were assessed by Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)and monitored by polysomnography(PSG)throughout the night,and the relevant parameters were analyzed.Result:There were statistically significant differences between the three groups in PSQI evaluation and PSG overnight monitoring indexes(P<0.05),and with the increase of age,PSQI score,TIB,micro awakening index,sleeping time and proportion of N1 and N2,sleep AHI,OSA average time,sleep PLM,snoring index all increased,sleeping time and proportion of N3 and REM,TST,SWS,sleep efficiency,sleep latency,REM all indexes were increased,the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:There are different sleep characteristics in patients with chronic insomnia of different ages.The older patients show more characteristics such as shorter sleep time,more wakefulness,more light sleep,less deep sleep and REM sleep,more adverse sleep events and more sleeping pills.Individualized treatment should be adopted according to the characteristics of age in order to better improve the sleep of young people and middle-aged and old people,so as to improve their mental and physical health and quality of life.