二十二碳六烯酸对早产儿主要并发症的预防价值的研究

The Preventive Value of DHA to the Main Complications of Premature Infants

目的:评价早产儿补充二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)对支气管肺发育不良(BPD)、新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎(NEC)和新生儿败血症发生率的影响。方法:选取胎龄≤32周的早产儿106例,按随机数字表法分成试验组(n=52)和对照组(n=54)。在第一次肠内喂养后,试验组提供60 mg/(kg d)的DHA,对照组提供相同剂量饮用水,均到纠正胎龄36周或治愈出院时。比较两组的BPD、NEC、新生儿败血症发生率、死亡率及相关临床资料。结果:试验组BPD、NEC及新生儿败血症的发生率、住院、总机械通气及氧疗时间均少于对照组(P<0.05);两组死亡率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:早产儿补充DHA可降低BPD、NEC及新生儿败血症的发生率,但不能降低病死率。

Objective:To evaluate the effect of docosahexaenoic acid(DHA)supplementation on the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD),necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC)and neonatal sepsis in preterm infants.Method:A total of 106 premature infants with gestational age≤32 weeks were selected and divided into experimental group(n=52)and control group(n=54)according to the random number table method.After the first enteral feeding,the experimental group was given DHA of 60 mg/(kg·d),the control group was given the same amount of drinking water until the postmenstrual age 36 weeks or the time of discharge was cured from the hospital.The incidence of BPD,NEC,neonatal sepsis,mortality and relevant clinical data were compared between the two groups.Result:The incidence of BPD,NEC and neonatal sepsis,hospitalization,total mechanical ventilation and oxygen therapy duration in the experimental group were all lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in mortality between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:DHA supplementation in premature infants may reduce the incidence of BPD,NEC and neonatal sepsis,but not reduce the mortality rate.