高速圆柱滚子轴承保持架振动特性研究

Cage vibration behaviors of high-speed cylindrical roller bearings

基于滚动轴承动力学理论,建立了高速圆柱滚子轴承的动力学非线性微分方程组。采用预估-校正的Gear stiff(GSTIFF)变步长积分算法进行求解,分析了轴承工况参数与结构参数对轴承保持架振动特性的影响。研究结果表明:保持架在径向平面内的振动随着径向载荷的增加而减小,振动频谱中f c,2 f c,3 f c对应的幅值随径向载荷的增加而减小,其5 f c及更高倍频处的幅值显著降低,甚至消失,而径向载荷对4 f c处幅值的影响较为复杂;随着轴承转速的增加,保持架在径向平面内的振动随之增加;随着轴承径向游隙的增加,保持架径向平面内的振动先迅速增加后缓慢增加;过大或者过小的保持架引导间隙和兜孔周向间隙都会增加保持架的振动,存在一个最佳的保持架引导间隙和兜孔周向间隙范围能够有效的降低保持架的振动。

Based on the dynamic theory of rolling bearings,the dynamic differential equations of high-speed cylindrical roller bearings were established and solved by the Gear stiff(GSTIFF)integral algorithm with variable step.Then,the impact of structural parameters and operating conditions on cage’s vibration behaviors was focused.The results show that:the cage’s vibration acceleration in radial plane decreases with the increase of radial load.The amplitudes of f c,2 f c,3 f c components in vibration spectrum decrease with the increase of radial load,and the amplitudes of 5 f c and higher frequency components significantly reduce or even disappear.The effect of radial load on the amplitude of 4 f c component is more complicated.With the increase of rotation speed,the cage’s vibration in radial plane increases.With the increase of radial clearance,the cage’s vibration in radial plane increases rapidly and then slowly increases.Too large or too small guide land clearance or pocket circumference clearance will raise the cage’s vibration and there is an optimal range for guide land clearance and pocket circumference clearance to reduce the cage’s vibration effectively.