论班彪与两汉之际文学新变

On Ban Biao and the New Literary Changes at the Transition from the Western to the Eastern Han Dynasties

受两汉之际社会变迁和政治文化转型的影响,班彪创作较西汉文学发生了新变。在内容上,变超越现实的夸张想象、一味对统治者歌功颂瑞为对国家前途命运的积极思索和对大一统的维护;文学书写的笔触从上层社会拓展到社会生活的广阔领域;变独尊儒术为兼综儒道。在艺术上,骚散结合的文章体式、多样化的文学表现手法、典雅庄重的语言以及对六言诗的有益尝试,开启了东汉文学的新变,并对后世文学产生了深远影响。

Under the influence of social changes and political and cultural transformation at the transition from the Western to the Eastern Han Dynasties, Ban Biao’s creations underwent new changes compared with the West Han literature. In terms of content, he changed from the exaggerated and imaginative praise of the virtues of the rulers to reflection on the future and destiny of the country and the maintenance of the unity, thus expanding his description the upper class to all walks of life, and discarding the priority of Confucianism to embrace both Confucianism and Taosim. In terms of art, the combination of poetry and prose, the diversified literary expression techniques, elegant and solemn language, and useful attempts at six-character poetry opened up new changes in the Eastern Han literature and had far-reaching implications for later literature.