半藤一利的昭和史叙事评析

A Review of Hando Kazutoshi’s Narrative about the History of Showa

半藤一利是日本著名作家,擅长口述史。其作品内容以昭和史为主,主题则有两个:战争的悲惨和战争失败的原因。其作品语言生动,表述有力,大量挖掘历史事件的细节,同时又在一定程度上反映了一些民众内心深处的情感诉求,因而很受欢迎。不过,其审视昭和史缺乏世界视野和理论深度,对历史事件的理解流于肤浅和表面,并受到日本社会氛围的强大制约,无法达到进步历史学家的境界和高度。半藤一利的历史认识属于中间派,其对一些右翼史观的批判,其反对战争、反对修改和平宪法的态度,在日本社会发挥了一定的积极作用。同时,其避重就轻的历史反思表现出一定程度的狭隘民族主义情绪,也对日本的舆论氛围造成了消极影响。

Hando Kazutoshi,a famous Japanese author,is good at oral history concerning the period of Showa,which mainly focuses on the tragedy of war and the reasons for the failure of war. His works are very popular because of the vivid language and the strong expression,and they also dig deep into the historical details and reflect the emotional demands of some people to a certain extent. However,his narrative which is constrained strongly by the Japanese social atmosphere shows the lack of world perspective and theoretical depth,and the superficiality about the historical events,which is unable to reach the realm and the height of progressive historians. His historical understanding takes a middle course. More specifically,he criticizes the right-wing’s views and opposes the war and the amendment of the Peaceful Constitution,which plays a positive role in the Japanese society. On the other hand,his half-hearted historical reflection which shows a certain degree of narrow nationalism exerts a negative impact on the atmosphere of the public opinion in Japan.