新中国成立70年来我国信访制度的发展和变迁

The Development and Change of Chinese Petition System in the Past 70 Years Since the Founding of PRC

信访制度设计根源于中国共产党的群众路线。信访制度是党加强联系群众的制度设计。人民政党--群众社会的解释框架可以立足于中国政治社会语境来阐释信访制度的历史变迁。在新中国成立之初,人民政党为了满足国家建设的需要,通过信访进行社会政治动员,发挥信访的直接民主、政治斗争和拨乱反正的优势,推动了信访制度的建立。20世纪90年代后,群众社会的兴起促使人民政党由国家建设转向国家治理,信访制度向法治化转型。

The design of petition system is rooted in the mass line of the Communist Party of China. The establishment of the petition system is the design of the party’s system to strengthen its contact with the masses. The interpretation framework of the people party and mass society which be based on the Chinese political and social context can explain the historical changes of the petition system. At the beginning of the founding of the People’s Republic of China, the people party, in order to meet the needs of state building, carried out social and political mobilization through petition system, which brought into play the advantages of direct democracy, political struggle and correction of it. These promoted the establishment and development of petition system. After the 1990 s, the rise of mass society forced the people party to turn from state building to state governance, then the petition system transited to the rule of law.