缅甸寺院学校的历史与现状

A Study on the Transformation of Monastic Schools in Myanmar

随着殖民入侵、现代国家对社会的操控,缅甸"寺院即学校"的传统被打破,寺院学校衰弱,世俗教育兴起。缅甸僧侣于20世纪60年代开始筹办新式寺院学校,专注于孤儿和贫困家庭小孩的世俗教育。由此,缅甸寺院与学校的关系经历了从合一到分立再到融合的过程。这一转型过程在延续与顺应了佛教慈善及教育传统的同时,也体现出佛教、教育及政治之间持续且错综复杂的互动、渗透及博弈的现实。

The European colonization and,later,the manipulation of modern nation-state over society,leading to the collapse of the ’temples is schools’ tradition in Myanmar.Monastic schools became weak,in contrast,secular education rised.New formation of monastic schools was established by monks,which focused on the secular education for orphans and children from poor family,in 1960.the relationship between the temples and schools changes from the same things to different parts,then,to fusion.The transformation sees heritage of Buddhist tradition,as well,witnessed the interaction and mutual game between Buddhism,education and politics.