血液净化患者动静脉内瘘的护理及并发症的防治探讨

Nursing Care of Patients with Arteriovenous Fistula in Blood Purification and Prevention and Treatment of Complications

目的探讨血液净化患者动静脉内瘘的护理及并发症的防治效果。方法方便选取该院2017年4月—2019年3月时间段内施行血液净化患者80例,以随机分配的方式纳入对照组40例、干预组40例。即对照组使用常规护理干预,干预组使用早期预防护理干预,比较各组患者护理总满意度、并发症总发生率、动静脉内瘘使用情况。结果对照组患者护理总满意度明显较差于干预组,例如对照组躯体功能为(48.18±10.22)分,干预组躯体功能为(56.22±13.20)分,各数据间比较差异有统计学意义(t=3.046,P=0.003)。干预组患者并发症总发生率为10.00%,对照组则为30.00%,各数据间比较差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5.000,P=0.025)。对照组内瘘使用时间为(32.59±2.66)个月,使用1年后内瘘血流量为(205.14±25.36)mL/min,干预组则为(46.87±3.63)个月和(252.38±36.93)mL/min。各数据间比较差异有统计学意义(t=20.069、6.669,P=0.000)。结论在血液净化患者护理期间,早期预防护理干预措施能够有效提高患者护理总满意度,预防或减少并发症的出现,该可强化动静脉内瘘适应情况,可推广。

Objective To investigate the nursing and complications of arteriovenous fistula in patients with blood purification.Methods Convenient select eighty patients with blood purification were enrolled in our hospital from April 2017 to March 2019.They were randomly assigned to receive 40 patients in the control group and 40 patients in the intervention group.That is,the control group used routine nursing intervention,and the intervention group used early preventive nursing intervention to compare the total satisfaction of the patients,the total incidence of complications,and the use of arteriovenous fistula.Results The total satisfaction of patients in the control group was significantly worse than that in the intervention group.For example,the body function of the control group was(48.18±10.22)points,and the body function of the intervention group was(56.22±13.20)points.There were statistically significant differences between the data(t=3.046,P=0.003).The total incidence of complications was 10.00%in the intervention group and 30.00%in the control group.There were statistically significant differences between the data(χ^2=5.000,P=0.025).In the control group,the time of sputum use was(32.59±2.66)months.After 1 year of use,the sputum blood flow was(205.14±25.36)mL/min,and in the intervention group(46.87±3.63)months and(252.38±36.93)mL/min.There were statistically significant differences between the data(t=20.069,6.669,P=0.000).Conclusion During the care of patients with blood purification,early preventive nursing interventions can effectively improve the overall satisfaction of patients and prevent or reduce the occurrence of complications.This can strengthen the adaptation of arteriovenous fistula and can be promoted.