血型鉴定及不规则抗体筛查与新生儿溶血病相关性分析

Correlation Analysis between Blood Group Identification and Irregular Antibody Screening and Neonatal Hemolytic Disease

目的分析孕妇血型及抗体筛查与新生儿溶血病的相关性。方法自2017年3月-2018年5月选取该院的测定孕妇的ABO血型及Rh(D)血型,筛查不规则抗体。对有黄疸症状的新生儿进行血型血清学和溶血病检测。结果2032例O型孕妇,其丈夫为非O型;新生儿发生溶血病152例。2032例非O型孕妇,发生新生儿溶血病4例。两组差异有统计学意义(χ^2=135.4,P<0.01)。Rh D阴性27例,其丈夫均为RhD阳性,发生新生儿溶血病5例。检出孕妇血清中存在不规则抗体11例,发生新生儿溶血病4例。结论孕妇的血型及不规则抗体与新生儿发生溶血病密切相关,故孕期检查应将血型鉴定和不规则抗体筛查作为常规项目,预防母婴血型不合导致的新生儿溶血。

Objective To analyze the correlation between blood type and antibody screening in pregnant women and neonatal hemolytic disease.Methods From March 2017 to May 2018,we selected the ABO blood type and Rh(D)blood type of pregnant women in our hospital to screen for irregular antibodies.Blood type serology and hemolytic disease testing are performed on neonates with symptoms of jaundice.Results 2032 cases of O-type pregnant women,their husbands were non-O type;152 cases of hemolytic disease occurred in newborns.2032 cases of non-O type pregnant women,4 cases of neonatal hemolytic disease.The difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ^2=135.4,P<0.01).Rh D was negative in 27 cases,and her husband was positive for RhD,and 5 cases of neonatal hemolytic disease occurred.11 cases of irregular antibodies were found in the serum of pregnant women,and 4 cases of neonatal hemolytic disease occurred.Conclusion The blood type and irregular antibodies of pregnant women are closely related to hemolytic disease in neonates.Therefore,blood group identification and irregular antibody screening should be used as routine items during pregnancy to prevent neonatal hemolysis caused by maternal and child blood group incompatibility.