国内外无人机规制的新近发展态势

Recent Developments of Regulations on UA(Drone) Home and Abroad

本文探讨了无人机快速发展和应用所面临的法律问题和挑战。无人机作为航空器的一种类别,具有独特性也具有一般航空器的共性。无人机的法律地位确定、安全制度建立、空域的确定以及未来与有人机空域一体化是无人机健康发展需要解决的关键问题。目前各国正在加紧建设无人机运行所需要遵守的登记、适航、安全和安保、空中交通管理的规制。本文侧重阐述了美国、欧盟的无人机空中交通管理实践,无人机非法运行可能导致侵权行为和刑事案件,并就我国无人机规制建设提出了建议。

This article provides a brief but holistic examination of the legal frameworks concerning unmanned aircraft in leading countries,specially referring to that in China.The article explores the important legal challenges that the development and uses of drones pose under the current circumstances where the due legal framework is far from perfection.The article argues that for a lawful particular drone usage,it must satisfy the requirements for registration,airworthiness,safety and security,air traffic under all presumed applicable domestic and perhaps international legal regimes,which unfortunately are under construction and need to be accelerated.This article examines the key issues and practice relating to the integrated air space which the unmanned aircraft and the manned aircraft are both flying in.The article then turns to the practices in US,EU such as UTM,U-Space etc.It examines the incidents that might break the tort and criminal acts as well.The final part of the article presents suggestions for the fastening of the regulation-building in China.