赤潮影响下的滨海旅游环境价值损失评估

Assessment of Environmental Value Loss of Coastal Tourism under the Influence of Red Tide

浙江海域是全国赤潮的高发区域之一,赤潮多次影响海水养殖区、滨海旅游区等近岸敏感海域。赤潮发生时,不但海水变色影响景观美感,还会产生大量泡沫和腥臭气,严重影响滨海旅游区的休闲娱乐功能。文章运用条件价值评估法(CVM),通过调查问卷的方式获得象山松兰山海滨浴场及周边区域的游客对赤潮灾害治理的支付意愿(WTP),间接估算出,2017年象山海域受赤潮影响滨海旅游环境价值损失为9 662.4万元,占象山县全年旅游总收入的0.4%。在此基础上,通过多元线性回归分析及显著性检验得到,影响游客支付意愿的因素主要为赤潮对滨海景观的影响程度和游客对赤潮的认知度。本次调查评估客观反映了象山县滨海游客对赤潮治理支付意愿的大致程度,量化评估了赤潮对滨海旅游业造成的价值损失,研究结果可作为评估赤潮灾害对滨海旅游业造成经济损失的依据。

Zhejiang sea area was one of the areas with high incidence of red tide,and red tide had repeatedly affected mariculture area,coastal tourism area and other sensitive coastal waters.When red tide occured,not only the discoloration of sea water affected the beauty of landscape,but also a lot of foam and odor,which seriously affected the leisure and entertainment functions of the coastal tourism area.In this paper,the conditional value assessment method(CVM)was used to obtain the willingness to pay(WTP)of tourists in Xiangshan Songlan beach and surrounding areas for red tide disaster management by means of questionnaire,indirectly estimated that in 2017,the environmental value loss of coastal tourism influenced by red tide in Xiangshan area was96.624 million yuan,accounting for 0.4% of the Xiangshan tourism revenue for the whole year.On this basis,through multiple linear regression analysis and significant test,it was found that the main factors affecting tourists′willingness to pay were the influence of red tide on coastal landscape and the awareness of tourists on red tide.This survey objectively reflected the general degree of the willingness of coastal tourists in Xiangshan area to pay for the management of red tide,which could be used as the basis for assessing the economic losses caused by the red tide disaster to coastal tourism.