复合益生菌和酵母培养物对热应激奶牛生产性能、瘤胃发酵和血清抗应激指标的影响

Effect of compound probiotics and yeast culture on milk production, rumen fermentation and serum anti-stress parameters of heat-stressed dairy cows

为探究新型复合益生菌对热应激奶牛生产性能、瘤胃发酵特征和血清抗应激指标的影响,选取45头泌乳后期荷斯坦奶牛,分为3组,其中:对照组饲喂全混合日粮,复合益生菌组和酵母培养物组分别在对照组日粮基础上添加复合益生菌20 g/(d·头)和酵母培养物100 g/(d·头)。结果显示:日粮添加复合益生菌和酵母培养物显著提高了热应激奶牛产奶量(P=0.03),但对乳成分没有影响;且提高了瘤胃液氨态氮和微生物蛋白浓度(P=0.04),但对挥发酸产量没有影响。复合益生菌和酵母培养物显著提高了热应激奶牛粗蛋白和中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率(P<0.05),且复合益生菌的提升效果优于酵母培养物。此外,复合益生菌和酵母培养物显著提高了热应激奶牛血液中三碘甲腺原氨酸浓度(P<0.01)。因此,在基础日粮中添加复合益生菌能够缓解热应激对奶牛生产性能的影响,并且效果显著优于酵母培养物。

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of newly developed compound probiotics on milk production,rumen fermentation characteristics and serum anti-stress parameters of heat-stressed dairy cows.Forty-five latelactation dairy cows were randomly allocated into three groups,including control group(basal total mixed ration,TMR),compound probiotics(CP)group(20 g/d compound probiotics per cow in TMR)and yeast culture(YC)group(100 g/d yeast culture per cow in TMR).The results indicated that the compound probiotics and yeast culture increased milk yield significantly(P=0.03)with no influence on milk content,and improved ammonia nitrogen and microbial protein concentrations in rumen fluid(P=0.04)with no influence on volatile fatty acid concentration.The compound probiotics and yeast culture enhanced the apparent digestibility of crude protein and neutral detergent fiber(P<0.05),and a better performance was observed in the compound probiotic groups.The compound probiotics and yeast culture increased serum triiodothyronine(T3)content significantly(P<0.01).Thus,the compound probiotics could alleviate the negative effect of heat stress on dairy cows,and perform better than the yeast culture.