海南东寨港海底村庄遗址遥感观测与分析

Remote sensing observation and analysis of seabed villages ruins in Dongzhai Port in Hainan Island

利用高精度的无人机遥感正射影像、数字高程模型、Landsat8卫星遥感影像以及野外实地观测数据,以空间考古学方法为主要手段,研究海南东寨港海底村庄遗址的空间分布、现存状态及其演变规律。研究结果如下:1)海底村庄遗址均匀分布在东寨河古河道两侧。2)海底村庄遗址处于陆海相互作用的前沿地带,地质构造条件不稳定,遗址受潮汐、波浪、地面下沉和人类影响较为严重,部分已经沉陷到海面以下,部分只有在退潮后才会露出。3)林市村附近的海底村庄遗址受地震断裂影响将继续下沉。遗址中间部分已被潮水涨落冲刷殆尽,被冲刷面积约为1 871.5 m^2,占遗址总面积的31.5%。

The spatial distribution, present status, and evolution rules of seabed villages ruins in Hainan Dongzhai Port were studied based on space archaeology by using high-precision UAV(unmanned aerial vehicles) orthophoto images, digital elevation model(DEM), Landsat8 images, and field surveys. The results are showed as follows. Firstly, the seabed villages ruins are evenly distributed on both sides of the ancient channel of Dongzhai River. Secondly, some of the seabed villages ruins sink below the sea surface, and some of them are partially exposed after the tide ebbs because these ruins are located in the forefront area of the land-sea interaction, where the geological conditions are unstable. Thirdly, the seabed villages ruins near Linshi Village will continue to sink due to the influence of the earthquake events. The middle part of the ruins have been washed away by the tidal fluctuations, and that part covers an area of about 1 871.5 m^2 which accounts for 31.5% of the total area of the ruins. Overall, this study is important for the seabed villages ruins protection in Dongzhai Port and also has significance for the development of the Maritime Silk Road.