不同消毒方式对肉鸡生产性能和舍内微生物的影响

Effects of Different Disinfection Modes on the Growth Performance of the Broilers and Microbial Environment of Hen Houses

试验旨在探讨不同消毒方式对平养白羽肉鸡生产性能和鸡舍内表面微生物的影响。试验采用单因子试验设计,选取2栋相同状况的鸡舍,将800只1日龄罗斯308白羽肉鸡(公母各半),随机分为A、B两组,每组内设置4个重复,每个重复100羽鸡。A组为人工消毒组,B组为二流体喷雾消毒组;试验期为42 d,前期(1~21 d),每周消毒两次(周二、四),后期(22~42 d),每周消毒三次(周二、四、六),消毒时间均为30 min。结果表明:与人工消毒相比,二流体喷雾消毒处理组,消毒液用量(P<0.05)和耗水量(P<0.05)显著降低;舍内环境菌落总数、大肠菌群、金黄色葡萄球菌、霉菌的杀菌率(P<0.05)显著提升;肉鸡料重比和日增重等生产性能没有显著变化(P>0.05),但二流体喷雾处理组死淘率有降低的趋势。说明二流体喷雾消毒方式能显著改善鸡舍内微生物环境,因此从畜禽疫病防控和舍内环境安全来看,建议规模化平养肉鸡采用二流体喷雾消毒措施。

The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of different disinfection methods on the performance of white-feather broilers and surface microbial composition in the hen houses.The experiment adopted single factor design,and selected two chicken houses of the same condition.800 one-day-old Rose 308 white feather broilers(half male and half female)were randomly allocated to manual disinfection group(group A)and two-fluid spray disinfection group(group B).Each group was set with 4 replicates,with 100 broilers per replicate.Broilers in group A were treated with manual disinfection,while group B with two-fluid spray disinfection.The test period was 42 days,during the early period(1-21 days),broilers were disinfected twice a week(Tuesday,Thursday),and later period(22-42 days)three times a week(Tuesday,Thursday,Saturday),with 30 min per time.The results showed that compared with the group of manual disinfection the disinfectant dosage(P<0.05)and water consumption of two-fluid group(P<0.05)were significantly reduced,while the sterilization rate of total bacterial plate counts,Coliforms,Staphylococcus aureus,and Molds in the hen house were significantly increased(P<0.05);other performances such as the feed to weight ratio and daily weight gain had insignificant change(P>0.05),but the mortality rate had the tendency to decline.The study suggested that the two-fluid spray disinfection method can significantly improve the microbial environment in the hen house,therefore,it is recommended to use two-fluid spray disinfection measures to prevent livestock diseases and enhance hen house environment for large-scale flat broiler breeding.