民营企业参与扶贫攻坚的困境及对策——以唯品会贵州Z县“非遗”公益扶贫项目为例

Difficulties and Countermeasures of Private Enterprises Participating in Poverty Alleviation——Taking the "Intangible Cultural Heritage" Public Welfare Poverty Alleviation Project of Vipshop in Z County, Guizhou as an Example

党的十八大报告中提出确保到2020年全面建成小康社会的目标。打赢脱贫攻坚战是实现全面建成小康社会目标的重大任务。解决贫困问题既是整个社会的责任,也需要全社会力量的共同参与,尤其是民营企业的参与。唯品会在贵州省毕节市Z县开展的“非遗”公益扶贫项目,以民营企业为起点,通过建立“非遗”扶贫信息管理系统,搭建贫困户教育培训体系,建立扶贫协同拓展机制,打造扶贫特色小镇,形成多元化、立体化发展,推动“政府-企业-社会”等多元扶贫治理体系的构建。企业在挖掘市场需求,联动企业内外部资源,坚持企业优势、战略与扶贫属性相结合的基础上,促进Z县经济的可持续发展,实现了乡村经济社会的全面发展。但这其中仍普遍存在着政府管理与服务机制不完善,企业对扶贫攻坚工作的认识与管理能力不足,扶贫对象普遍自我脱贫内生动力薄弱等共性问题。而要解决这些问题,就需要通过凝聚社会力量参与,构建多元主体协同扶贫大格局,加强人才的引进和回流,增强扶贫攻坚治理能力,进一步激发帮扶对象内生动力,强加主体地位和脱贫致富意识,发挥民营企业在扶贫中的拉动作用,推动扶贫技术创新,为在2020年我国实现全面脱贫打下坚实基础。

The report of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China has proposed the goal of ensuring to build a moderately well-off society in an all-round way by 2020.Winning the battle against poverty is a major task to achieve the goal of building a moderately well-off society in an all-round way.Solving the problem of poverty is not only the responsibility of the entire society,but also requires the joint participation of all social forces,especially the participation of private enterprises.The"intangible cultural heritage"public welfare poverty alleviation project launched by Vipshop in Z County,Bijie City,Guizhou Province starts from a private enterprise,establishes an"intangible cultural heritage"poverty alleviation information management system,an education and training system for poor households and a collaborative poverty alleviation mechanism,builds a characteristic poverty alleviation town,forms diversified and three-dimensional development,and promotes the construction of a diversified poverty alleviation governance system of"government-enterprise-society".On the basis of tapping market demand,linking internal and external resources of the company,and adhering to the combination of corporate advantages,strategies and poverty alleviation attributes,the company promotes the sustainable development of Z County's economy and achieves the all-round development of the rural economy and society.However,there are still common problems such as imperfect government management and service mechanisms,inadequate understanding and management capabilities of the company in poverty alleviation,and weak endogenous motivation for poverty alleviation targets.To solve these problems,it is necessary to build a multi-subject coordinated poverty alleviation pattern by concentrating the participation of social forces,strengthen the introduction and return of talents,strengthen the governance ability of poverty alleviation,further stimulate the endogenous motivation of the targets,strengthen the dominant position and awareness of overcoming poverty and achieving prosperity,give play to the role of private enterprises in poverty alleviation,promote technological innovation in poverty reduction,and lay a solid foundation for China's comprehensive poverty alleviation in 2020.