螨过敏变应性咽炎舌下特异性免疫治疗临床疗效研究

The clinical observation of sublingual immunotherathy in patients wihh Pharyngitis sensitized to house dust mite

目的探讨舌下特异性免疫(sublingual immunotherathy,SLIT)治疗对有螨过敏变应性咽炎的疗效。方法我院门诊76例螨过敏变应性咽炎患者,根据不同给药方案将患者分为对照组(36例)和SLIT组(41例),SLIT组再根据点刺结果分为单纯螨过敏组(17例)及多重过敏组(24例);对照组患者给予常规药物治疗,SLIT组患者给予标准化的SLIT治疗2年,同时允许SLIT组患者服用常规药物缓解症状。在治疗前,治疗后6个月及2年后,进行患者自我疗效评估和药物总评分比较。结果在治疗6月及2年后,SLIT组治疗有效率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者的用药总评分较治疗前均有下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且治疗6月后及2年后SLIT组用药评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但是SLIT组中单纯螨过敏组和多重过敏组患者自我疗效评估和药物总评分结果无统计学差异。结论 SLIT是治疗螨过敏性变应性咽炎的有效手段,长期疗效优于常规药物治疗,能够有效减少患者的常规药物用量,而单纯螨过敏和多重过敏对治疗结果无明显影响。

Objective To investigate the efficacy of sublingual immunotherathy(SLIT) in allergic pharyngitis with dust mites allergy. Methods 76 outpatients with allergic pharyngitis of our hospital were divided into control group(36 cases) and SLIT group(41 cases) according to the different treatment options.Based on the results of skin prick,the SLIT group was further divided into the dust mite group(17 cases) and the multiple allergy group(24 cases). Patients in the control group were given conventional drug therapy, and patients in SLIT group were given Standardized SLIT treatment for 2 years, while patients in SLIT group were allowed to take regular medications to relieve symptoms. The patient’s self-efficacy assessment and the total medicine score(TMS) were recorded before treatment, 6 months and 2 years after treatment. Results After 6 months and 2 years of treatment, the effective rates of SLIT group were higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). TMS of the two groups 6 months and 2 years after treatment were lower than TMS before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);TMS of the SLIT group were lower than TMS of the control group 6 months and 2 years after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant(P< 0.05). The effective rates and TMS of the dust mite group and the multiple allergy group have no significant difference. Conclusion SLIT is an effective method for the treatment of allergic pharyngitis with dust mites allergy. Long-term efficacy is superior to conventional drug therapy, SLIT can effectively reduce the amount of conventional drugs in patients.Simple and multiple allergies have no significant effect on SLIT in patients with pharyngitis sensitized to house dust mite.