政经分离改革下的村治困境与生成路径

Dilemma and Generation Path of Village Governance under the Reform of the Separation of Politics and Economy

政经分离被视为重构基层治理格局的重要变革,其通过划分社会自治与经济自治二元领域,有效避免了政经边界不清与侵权越权的现象,深层次地改变了基层自治的运作环境。但因社会自治与经济自治存在着载体、事务、主体、宗旨的差异,在两者分离后部分地区呈现出"经济自治强、社会自治弱"的治理形态,也在一定程度上造成村民自治价值的消解、民主的高度功利化以及治理能力的削弱。二元自治形态可由二元能力对比直接决定,而二元自治有效性则受分离度与互动性影响。为化解此类现象并提升基层治理能力,有必要加强党组织的领导统筹作用、明确两类自治的权责关系、采取适时适度分离并完善社会自治体系。

The separation of politics and economy is regarded as an important reform of the grassroots governance pattern. By differentiating between society self-governance and economy self-governance,it effectively avoids the occurrence of obscure boundaries of the politics and economy and violations of rights, and deeply changes the operation environment of grassroots self-governance. Because of the differences in carrier, affairs, subject and purpose between society self-governance and economy self-governance,the grassroots governance pattern of "strong economy self-governance and weak society self-governance"formed in some areas after the separation of politics and economy, resulting in the dissolution of the value of villagers’ autonomy,the highly utilitarian of democracy and the reduction of governance capacity to a certain extent. The dual self-governance pattern is directly determined by the contrast of capacities of two forces,while the effectiveness of dual self-governance is affected by the degree of separation and interaction. In order to solve these difficulties and promote the capacity of grassroots governance, it is necessary to strengthen the leadership and overall planning role of Party organizations, clarify the relationship between powers and responsibilities of the two types of self-governance, and adopt timely and appropriate separation and improve the system of society self-governance.