左翼文学研究的理论预设及其有效性反思——以“反现代的现代性”批评话语为中心

Effectiveness Reflection on the Theoretical Presupposition of Left-Wing Literature Research ——Centering around Critical Discourse of “Anti-Modern Modernity”

由于后现代、后殖民等理论的冲击,以及"重写文学史"思潮的持续影响,中国现代文学学科的基本范畴和价值判断遭到普遍质疑,探讨"延安文艺"、"社会主义现实主义文学"等左翼文学形态的"前现代性"和"反现代的现代性"成为学界热点。如果无视不同国家和民族现代性呈现出不同的态势,忽略现代性流动、易变的特质,而是简单对照西方现代性相关理论来研究左翼文学,其阐释的有效性有待商榷。中国现代民族国家建构的话语系统中西交融,思想来源多元并行,构成了中国文化和文学现代性实践中的开放姿态。中国的左翼文学思潮,继承了现代新文化的价值指向,在现代理性意识的启发和引导下将底层大众的翻身与解放作为文学表现的主要内容,将宏大国家话语形态转变为具体写作范式,实践着近现代中国文学的民族国家建构与大众启蒙传统。无论是从民族国家政权的建立,还是人文主义价值观的彰显,左翼文学都可以说是中国文学现代化进程中的具有典型现代性的文学形态。

The trend of thought in China’s left-wing literature inherits the value orientation of modern new culture. Under the enlightenment and guidance of modern rational consciousness,it makes the emancipation of the bottom mass as the main content of literary expression,and transforms the grand discourse form of the country into a concrete writing paradigm, implementing the nation-state construction and popular enlightenment tradition of modern Chinese literature. Whether from the establishment of the national state power or from the manifestation of humanistic values,the left-wing literature can be seen as a typical modern literary form in the process of Chinese literature modernization.