南方煤矿区喀斯特泉污染源识别及污染通道探查方法

Identification of Karst Spring pollution sources and exploration method of pollution channels in southern coal mine area

凯里市龙洞泉位于贵州黔东南州大风洞镇青杠林村,泉水出露于汇水单斜与阻水逆断层接触带地段,属于典型喀斯特泉,是当地村民唯一生活水源。2017年7月该岩溶泉水因强降雨期间受到污染,泉水呈棕红色,通过取样化验,因Fe 3+离子严重超标所致,通过水文地质调查和水质特征离子对比方法识别污染源,推断是泉水上游一处煤矿处于关停状态,强降雨入渗进入采空区,水位上升补给岩溶水条件下引起的污染。南方煤矿区喀斯特泉污染源和污染通道具有隐蔽性和多层性特征,采用水文地质调查、物探、水文钻探及测试、洞穴探测、示踪试验等综合方法,探明泉水污染通道位于采空区构造发育地带,探查其发育部位、埋藏深度及平面上展布。对喀斯特泉污染机理研究以及泉水污染治理具有指导意义。

Longdong Spring in Kaili City is located in Qiandongnan,Guizhou.The spring water is located in the contact zone between catchment monoclinic and water-resisting reverse faults.It belongs to typical Karst Spring and is the only source of living for local villagers.In July 2017,Karst Spring water was polluted during the heavy rainfall period and this spring water was brown red.Through sampling test,it was shown that Fe 3+ions exceeding the standard severely.The pollution source was identified by hydrogeology survey and water quality characteristic ion contrast method.It was inferred that a coal mine upstream of the spring water was in shutdown state,heavy rainfall infiltrated into the goaf,and the water level rose to supply Karst water contribute the pollution.The pollution sources and channels of Karst Spring in southern coal mining area have the characteristics of concealment and multi-layers.The comprehensive methods of hydrogeology survey,geophysical exploration,hydrological drilling and testing,cave exploration and tracer test are used to find out that the pollution channels of Karst Spring are located in the structural development zone of goaf,and to explore their development location,burial depth and plane distribution,which is the study of the pollution mechanism of Karst Spring and the guiding significance of spring water pollution control.