数字PCR在肺癌诊疗中的应用研究

Applications of digital PCR in diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer

数字PCR(dPCR)是一种全新的核酸分子绝对定量分析技术,它的原理是将模板稀释后随机分配到大量反应单元中,实现单个模板分子的PCR扩增,最后根据阳性反应单元数比例和泊松分布来计算核酸分子数目,可实现不依赖于标准曲线的直接和绝对定量。与实时荧光定量PCR(qPCR)技术相比,它具有更高的灵敏度和准确性,尤其适用于微量或痕量DNA的检测与定量。由于dPCR具有独特的技术优势,它在众多研究领域显示出巨大的优势和应用前景。该文主要从dPCR的技术原理、分类、优势及其在肺癌诊断、肺癌靶向治疗方案制定、耐药监测及预后预测方面的应用进行综述。

Digital PCR(dPCR)is a novel technique for absolute quantitative analysis of nucleic acid molecules.The principle is that the template is diluted and randomly distributed into a large number of reaction units to realize PCR amplification of a single template molecule,and finally the number of nucleic acid molecules is calculated according to the proportion of positive reaction units and the poisson distribution.So it can realize direct and absolute quantification of target genes without depending a standard curve.Compared with real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR)technology,it has higher sensitivity and accuracy,especially suitable for the detection and quantification of trace or trace amounts of DNA.Due to its unique technical advantages,dPCR has shown the great advantages and application prospects in many research fields.This paper mainly reviewed the technical principle,classification and advantages of dPCR and its applications in the aspects of the diagnosis of lung cancer,the targeted therapy formulation for lung cancer,drug resistance monitoring and prognosis prediction.