网约车犯罪的预防——以“情境行为理论”为视角

The Rational Path of Online Car-hailing Crime Prevention——From the Perspective of Situational Action Theory

网约车犯罪问题是社会舆论近期关注的焦点。构建网约车犯罪的预防体系必须首先反思其产生的原因。结合“情境行为理论”,网约车的特殊运营模式容易促生犯罪行为,主要表现在因对网约车司机背景审查不彻底而导致危险人员成为司机和网约车的“社交属性”容易产生犯罪性情境这两个方面。美国是全球网约车发展的源头,它在防控相关犯罪方面的经验和教训值得我们借鉴。我国应当进一步加强对各类网约车的安全监管,严格规范对司机的背景筛查,同时采取综合性预防措施消减网约车运营中的犯罪性情境因素。

Online car-hailing crime has always been the focus of public opinions.To construct the prevention system of this crime,we must first reflect on the causes of online car-hailing crime.Combined with the situational action theory,the special operation mode of hitch car is easy to promote criminal behaviors,which is mainly manifested in two aspects:the incomplete background examination of car drivers leads to dangerous criminals becoming drivers,and the social attribute of the car is easy to produce criminal situations.The United States'experience and lessons in the prevention and control of ride-hailing crimes are worthy of our reference.We should further strengthen the safety supervision of ride-hailing,strictly regulate the background screening of ride-hailing drivers without curbing the innovation and development of ride-hailing,and take comprehensive preventive measures to reduce the criminal situational factors in the operation of ride-hailing.