权力与权利的相对再平衡：《监察法》价值追求的展开——以犯罪控制模式为视角

The Relative Rebalancing of Power and Rights: Discussing Value Pursuit of "Supervision Law"

《监察法》秉承犯罪控制模式进行的制度架构具有内部制约措施多于外部制约措施、权力之间的制约相对薄弱、监察对象的权利设置相对薄弱的特征。尽管如此,依照犯罪控制模式制定的《监察法》仍然体现了无正当理由不受怀疑、保障监察对象一定权利的正当程序价值,据此可以判断《监察法》并不排斥正当程序模式的合理因素。为进一步推动《监察法》的社会适应性、法治价值取向、国家利益平衡和保障监察对象的合法诉讼权利,建议设置以留置场所的人民监督员制度、监察工作场所的定期开放制度为主体的《监察法》运行公开性规范,以监察机构内部的令状主义审查机制、外部的令状主义审查机制为主体的令状主义机制,同时对各种程序尽可能予以正当程序模式的优化。

The system structure of"Supervision Law"adhering to the crime control mode has the following characteristics:internal control measures more than external control measures,relatively weak constraints between powers,and relatively weak rights-setting for supervisees.Nevertheless,"Supervision Law"formulated in accordance with the crime control mode still embodies the value of proper procedure according to which none can be suspected without proper reasons and supervisees are guaranteed with some rights.So it can be estimated that"Supervision Law"doesn’t exclude the reasonable factors of the proper procedure mode.Some regulations and mechanisms are recommended in this essay for further promoting the social adaptability of"Supervision Law",the value of the rule of law,the balance of national interests and the protection of the legal litigation rights of supervisees.Set up publicity regulations with people supervisor system for detention places and regular opening mechanism for supervision workplace as its main body.Establish writ doctrine mechanism with internal and external review mechanism of supervision organization’s writ doctrine as its main body.Meanwhile,optimize proper procedure mode as much as possible for various procedures.