采前硼处理对酥梨品质和贮藏性的影响

Effect of Preharvest Boron Treatments on Suli Pear during Storage

为了提高金顶谢花酥梨果实的品质及半地下通风库的贮藏性能,以宁陵金顶谢花酥梨为试材,研究采前叶面喷施不同质量浓度硼后梨果实品质和贮藏期间指标的变化。结果表明,采前硼处理,可有效改善贮藏酥梨果实果皮的色泽、维持果实硬度、提高可溶性固形物含量,抑制过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量积累。其中,酥梨采收时,各硼处理L*值均高于清水对照,3 g/L硼处理的果皮亮度(L*值)最高,为69.13,2 g/L硼处理果实硬度最高,高于对照27.28%,2 g/L硼处理的可溶性固形物(TSS)含量最高,为13.3%,各处理果实MDA含量均低于对照,2 g/L硼处理MDA含量最低,为2.70 mmol/g;贮藏180 d时,2 g/L硼处理果实硬度最高,为5.20 kg/cm 2,对照最低,为4.22 kg/cm 2,对照POD和PPO活性最高,分别为9.57、158.0 U/(min·g),1 g/L硼处理PPO活性最低,为62.8 U/(min·g);2 g/L硼处理果实MDA含量最低,为5.62 mmol/g,对照最高,为6.67 mmol/g。综合来看,2 g/L硼处理的各项指标均表现较好,为参试处理中采前施硼肥的最佳质量浓度。

In order to improve the fruit quality and storage performance of Jindingxiehuasu pear in semi-underground ventilation storeroom L*value,the changes of fruit quality and storage index during storage were studied after boron spraying on the leaves preharvest with Jindingxiehuasu pear of Ningling as test material.The results showed that preharvest boron treatment could effectively improve the skin color,maintain fruit hardness,increase soluble solid content,and inhibit POD,PPO activity and MDA content accumulation.In harvest time,the L*value of each treatment was higher than that of the control,3 g/L boron treatment had the highest peel brightness L*value(69.13),2g/L boron treatment had the highest fruit hardness(27.28%),2g/L boron treatment had the highest TSS content(13.3%),and 2 g/L boron treatment had the lowest MDA content(2.70 mmol/g).When stored for 180 days,2g/L of boron treated fruits had the highest hardness,which was 5.20 kg/cm2,and the lowest in control,which was 4.22 kg/cm2.The control had the highest POD and PPO activity,which were 9.57U/(min·g)and 158.0 U/(min·g),respectively.Fruits treated with 1 g/L of boron had the lowest PPO activity,which was 62.8 U/(min·g).MDA content in fruits treated with boron at 2g/L was the lowest(5.62 mmol/g)and the control was highest(6.67 mmol/g).On the whole,all indexes of 2g/L boron treatment performed well,which was the optimal concentration of boric fertilizer applied before harvesting in the trial.