功能性氨基酸对母猪胎盘功能影响的研究进展

Research Progress on Effects of Functional Amino Acids on Placental Function of Sows

功能性氨基酸是指可以通过调节动物机体的关键代谢通路,对人和动物的生长发育、繁殖健康有促进作用,对生命活动起到诸多生理调控作用的氨基酸。一些功能性氨基酸及其产物对母猪胎盘功能有着重要的作用。胎盘是妊娠期间由胚胎胚膜和母体子宫内膜联合长成的母子间组织结合器官,具备物质交换、代谢、防御及激素合成等重要功能。在孕期,胎盘是胎儿和母体之间传递物质的枢纽,它可以从母体运输氧气、二氧化碳、水和一些其他的胎儿生长发育所必需的营养物质,也可以将胎儿的代谢废物等通过母体排出。本文从几个研究较多的功能性氨基酸(精氨酸、脯氨酸、谷氨酰胺和支链氨基酸)入手,分别就其对母猪胎盘功能的影响进行了综述,旨在促进功能性氨基酸在母猪生产中更好地开发利用。

Functional amino acids refer to a kind of amino acid that can promote the growth and reproduction of humans and animals by regulating the key metabolic pathways of the animals,and exert many physiological regulation effects on life activities.Some functional amino acids and their products play an important role on the sow’s placental function.The placenta is a joint organ between the sow and piglet that is formed by the combination of the embryonic germ membrane and the maternal endometrium during pregnancy.It has important functions such as exchange of material,metabolism,defense and synthetic hormone.During the pregnancy period,the placenta is the hub of the material transfer between the fetus and the matrix.It can transport oxygen,carbon dioxide,water and some other nutrients necessary for the growth and development of the fetus from the matrix,and it can also discharge the metabolic waste of fetal through the matrix.This paper studied several functional amino acids,such as arginine,proline,glutamine and branched-chain amino acids,and reviewed respectively the effects of them on sow placenta function,in order to promote the development and utilization of functional amino acids in sow production.