仿生超疏水表面的发展及其应用研究进展

Bioinspired Superhydrophobic Materials: Progress and Functional Application

受自然界荷叶"出淤泥而不染"的启发,超疏水现象引起了研究者广泛的关注,并成功制备了人工超疏水表面。本文对典型的仿生超疏水材料进行梳理,并针对近期研究成果进行了综述,对超疏水涂层的诸多制备方法作了优缺点总结和评述,概述了超疏水涂层在自清洁、防覆冰、耐腐蚀和油水分离领域的应用研究现状,尤其对超疏水防覆冰的机理及实现方式作了总结分析,剖析了现阶段超疏水研究过程中面临的挑战,展望了未来的发展趋势,希望为超疏水涂层在工程领域的应用研究提供参考。

Inspired by the lotus leaves in nature against contaminants in the muddy environment, superhydrophobic phenomena has attracted tremendous attentions among the research communities, and triggered the researchers to fabricate an artificial superhydrophobic surface for real-time applications. In this paper, the development of bioinspired materials is combed in accordance with time evolution. Besides, the advantages/disadvantages of numerous preparations in superhydrophobic coating are discussed through the recent researches. In addition, the recent advances of superhydrophobic applications are summarized, such as self-cleaning behavior, anti-icing properties, anti-corrosion performance and oil/water separation. Particularly, this review introduces the mechanism and implementation of anti-icing properties by superhydrophobic coating. As for superhydrophobic coating, current challenges are pointed out and its future development for applications is prospected. Overall, this review provides a reference for research and development of superhydrophobic coatings.