农田重金属阻控的微生物修复技术研究进展

Research Progress on Microbial Remediation Technology of Heavy Metal Control in Farmland

随着经济的快速发展,农田土壤重金属污染形势严峻。对农田重金属污染阻控技术的开发和应用已成为当前研究的主要内容。由于微生物修复具有高效、安全、成本低、无二次污染等诸多优点,从而成为近年来主要的土壤重金属污染修复方法,因此微生物修复技术在阻控重金属污染农田土壤方面有着广阔的发展前景。本文概述了微生物修复重金属污染农田土壤的概念和方法,利用微生物降解、吸附、转化等作用发展的微生物修复技术,在生物刺激、生物强化、固定化微生物等方面进行综述,为后续研究重金属污染农田土壤提供了思路与参考。

With the rapid development of the economy, the situation of heavy metal pollution in farmland soil is severe. The development and application of heavy metal pollution control technology in farmland has become the main content of current research. Because microbial remediation has many advantages such as high efficiency, safety, low cost and no secondary pollution, it has become the main method for soil heavy metal pollution remediation in recent years. Therefore, microbial remediation technology has broad development prospects in controlling heavy metal contaminated farmland soil. This paper summarizes the concepts and methods of microbial remediation of heavy metal contaminated farmland soils, and uses microbial remediation technologies developed by microbial degradation, adsorption, and transformation to review biostimulation, bioaugmentation, and immobilized microorganisms, and to study heavy metal contaminated farmland for subsequent research. The soil provides ideas and references.